Evaluation

My theme for this project was memories. Other the course of this project I looked at a number of artists, and experimented in different materials. We also kept a journal and I made sketches and stuck in photos, leaflets, train tickets, and recites everyday throughout the summer. I used this as my primary sources.  I also collected larger object like shells, bracelets, and makeup which I put in a box as a response to Andy Wholes time capsules. When I look back at all of my reference material I think I definitely collected a wide range that helped me create my final outcome. I then gathered inspiration from these primary objects by choosing the ones that best represented my summer of 2013. My work developed during the project as I started looking at different artists, I knew that my final piece was going to be based on metaphors and meanings. I then made mind maps to show my areas of interest, the tittles that I looked at were: ‘Enjoying Youth’, ‘The end of summer’ and ‘Being close to friends and Family’. The main sub-theme that I focused on was ‘Enjoying Youth’ and romantic tragedy; exploring how memories eventually fade and although in the moment it may seem like the best time of your life, eventually it will be replaced by greater moments. I wanted to convey my summer memories in my work and show the moods and feelings that I felt during the holiday I wanted to mainly focus on meanings so I incorporated the idea of using metaphors in my work to make it more exciting and profound. My work changed throughout the project as at first I wanted to base my ideas around a particular memory that happened in the summer that made me happy, when I met someone special to me, however latter I realized that all my memories evoked different emotions and I wanted to show how they were all linked and created a continuous journey.

First I looked at Howard Hodgkin who uses colour in his work to emphasis his moods and feelings at particular moments in his life. He was a significant artist who influenced my work and final outcome. I used his method of using colour to convey emotions in my work. The next artist I looked at was Audrey Flake; she paints detailed still lives of objects that are personal to her. The colours she uses are pastel this convoys a homely warm feeling in her pieces.  I found the composition of her still life most intriguing as the different levels created a dynamic use of space. Later I looked at Peter Callison, who along with Ebon Heath inspired me the most to create my intricate spiral in my window instillation. Callison uses sheet of A4 paper to build a relief out of it, his intricate fragile sculptures symbolise life and death and enthuses in romantic tragedies. The figures or objects are often trapped by the paper this creates a lonely feeling. I loved his deep meanings and romantic tragedies and decided to base my sub theme around this area. I then used Heaths work of cut out letters to inspire my words that I cut into the spiral.

I explored a number of different techniques during this project, one of the most interesting is when I did a response to Audrey Flake. I made a composition of all my collected objects into a box then I took photographs from different angles. The dynamic composition that I set my objects in was similar to Flakes style with objects hanging down from the top. I then chose the most interesting photo and traced over it and painted it with acrylic using pastel colours like Audrey Flake. I also experimented a lot with paper constructions that represented my memories. I made intricate responses to Callison. I also explored using metaphors in my work to create an art piece for example a dancing skeleton to represent energy. My skills have developed during the project as I know now how to accurately use blogger to present my work. My planning skills have also developed as each week I created new responses in order to reach to my final outcome.

There is one aspect of my studies that I wish I had explored further; if I was to do the project again I would explore metaphors in a greater detail, so that I could link my work to more in depth meanings and also to the meanings of colour.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Overall I am extremely proud of my final piece and I think it is one of my best and most successful. I have used the formal elements in my final piece. For example I used shape to create cut outs that got smaller and gave the illusion that wormhole was appearing in the wall leading to another dimension. I used colour in my final piece to convey emotion. I wanted to use very bright colours as I felt I had experienced all emotions during my summer holiday but overall my summer was very fun and exciting. The centre piece of my work is a spiral that comes out towards the foreground. I used line to make the words that represent the emotions that I felt during the summer.

I made my final piece completely out of vinyl mat plastic. I cut out an abstract star shape into each square at the centre, which then got smaller. I then spray painted each one a different colour, I think the spray paint was an effective material as  it gave my piece a finished professional appearance. I also used the vinyl to create my word spiral in the middle. This was extremely difficult as the material is thick and it’s hard to cut by had using a scalpel, it took me a long time to finish the whole spiral.

 The purpose of my window instillation was to represent my memories of the summer. The main meanings that I wanted to convey is how memories eventually fade into a twisting spiral in your mind. Essentially the window space was my mind and the instillation sculpture are my memories swirling around, where resent memories replace older memories and eventually memories become less clear and are lost in a mind vortex.

I designed my final piece first on paper and my original idea was more complicated and had more elements, for example I wanted to create a paper whole in the bottom to look as if it was opening up. Initially I wanted to add lights to my final piece to illuminate the letters and create shadows, however I decided against this as the lights I had where not very strong and didn't create the desired effect. I thought my piece worked well without. I then simplifies my idea by creating a model of what I wanted the instillation to look like. I found it challenging to cut my words out in my spiral as it was very time consuming, I overcame this challenge by pushing through until it was over. I then had the challenge of putting it all up on display. I made a grid to go on top of my window where I would hang all of my elements. I made this out of wood and wire. I then had to hang each individual piece with fishing wire this was very fiddly and annoying to cut I was extremely happy with the end result.

Overall I am happy with my final piece and think it is one of my strongest outcomes, my favourite element is the transparent spiral filled with my memories that comes out towards you, this is because it adds detail to the piece and contrasts the simple block coloured.

experiments for final piece

I have changed my final piece idea. Instead of creating a spiral that comes down from the ceiling I will create it coming out toward the viewer so it give the effect of looking through a time vortex. I have experimented with materials to come up with ways to create my final idea. Firstly I made a model of the window out of foam board then I used coloured foam to make the layers of the whole , this is in response to Jen Starks work, who use paper to create her layers. I thought this worked well as my idea was coming to life and my peers could have a feeling of what the end result would look like. I got positive feed back from my teachers who said my idea was very interesting and they liked the layering of the foam that created a tunnel going into the fake wall like a black hole. However, even if the material worked well it had disadvantages: I would not be able to get a big enough size of coloured foam. The foam isn't stable if it isn't stuck to something.

 This is my final plan for my window instillation, I have decided that the spiral will come out toward the viewer instead of spiraling down. I believe this will be more visually pleasing and also the words will be easier to read.

This is my initial plan with the spiral coming down from a whole in the ground. However I decided to alter this to the plan above as this plan had to many components and would have been too time consuming to construct.

This is another plan that I made. I liked the idea of taking something in my box and recreating it on a larger scale; my red bracelet that I got from a friend in Italy. However, I didn't like the element of painting the back ground using phosphorescent paint, and making it look like 'dripping art' similar to Jen Stark as I thought this may be to flat and simple to look at without any strong links to my other artists.

This was a tester for my final piece. I wanted to make it clear what words I was going to use in my spiral to represent my memories. I chose to write some of the words in Italian as my memories where in Italy.  I think a spiral works well as all the words are visible and it is visually pleasing, I also tried to construct a linier spiral that was made up of zig-zags, however this did not work well as I thought it looked too messy and I liked the contrast between smooth rounded and linier shaps.

Here I give an example of what I wanted my final piece t look like. I drew out a plan to show how I want to construct my fake whole in the back wall where my spiral is going to come out from. I will do this by measuring a piece of wood that is the same length as the black wall and then cut out a whole in the middle, I will then cover the wall with black material so that it looks like the back wall. This plan also shows the pattern for what I initially wanted to put on the centre spiral, but then I changed my idea and decided to put in words.

Jen Stark

Jen Stark is a contemporary artist well known for her incredibly entrechat paper sculptures and use colour to create vivid sculptures that represent organic patterns in nature. Her work is mainly exhibited in America, Miami. I found this artist as a link to Peter Callison as she also uses paper to create her sculptures.

In this work I can see mathematical design that entices the viewer to look deeper, spiraling inwards into a black hole almost like another dimension. Her work is also based on space and the cosmic universe and 3 dimensions. Stark uses the common classroom material; Paper to create her sculptures. She piles different coloured sheets of paper creating layers that transform into designs that appear in nature. This creates depth in her work. For example some of her works remind me of tropical flowers found in the Amazon or beautiful waterfalls that cascade. The artists uses line in this wok to draw the eye into the piece and follow the geometric pattern I especially like the way the lines in the spiral sculpture draw the eyes into the centre and gives the illusion of infinity. I believe she uses natural organic shapes in her work to represent the fact that the paper is a natural material. The sculptures appear man made but the material used (paper) reminds the viewer that it is as natural as the shapes portrayed. Jen Stark uses vivid colours to capture the audience’s attention. I think she also uses colour to create a mood as she believes "colour makes people happy". She uses patterns in her work to create her mathematically inspired pieces. The scale of her work varies and she often does large scale paintings on the wall of 'drippy art' which creates a fun playful decorative effect and her version of psychedelic art. The elements that interest me the most about this art is the patience and her mathematical calculations that have gone into the pieces in order to create mind altering outcomes that infuse geometric patterns with psychedelic art but with a childish innocent twist. The elements that interest me the most is her use of paper to create layers that invert inwards, I think this is a really effective technique as they draw the eye in creating the illusion that a wormhole is opened up in the wall/ground leading to a world of colour and rainbows, this may give the impression of psychedelic art the sort that you imagine while your dancing and waving glow sticks around at 4am however her etiquette use of colour creates innocent and elegant designs. The precision in the cut of the paper creates a clean finished look that is reflected in many patterns in nature, it looks perfect just like a flower or a snowflake. In her sculptures she adds the finishing touches of dripping colour around the edge this gives the work a playful childlike mood and emphasises the explosion of colour as it tries to leak out of her work.

I think the art work is overall about creating something that is visually pleasing I know this because Jen Stark talks about how she uses colour in her design to draw peoples attention. Her intentions are also to make complex geometric shapes that at the same time appear organic, I believe she did this using paper as her main material to communicate to the audience the fact that it is a natural material and to remind people that it can be used in many other ways and not just the common use of carrying information.  "The nice thing about paper, at least in relation to my sculptures, is that it comes in a prescribed form with a set function that I ignore. You can actually do a lot with paper instead of writing or printing on it; you can scrunch it up, you can make papier-mâché out of it... Just cutting and folding seems the most elegant, the most pure. With a few cuts and a few layers I can create pattern and depth and make my eyes dance around lines that aren’t really there. It’s not so much the fact that everyone uses paper, it’s the fact that you can take something that is so set in its ways and find unique ways of working with it." I would like to ask the artists whether she draws her inspiration from anywhere else apart from nature for example her subconscious mind like surrealism artist. I would also like to know what other materials she would like to use apart from paper as this is not the only common everyday material. I have researched about the work and have found out that her work is featured in many locations and forms such as murals and her work was also publishes in a New Science magazine. This research has altered my opinion about her work as initially I thought it was quite niche but if it is used in the media and is on public display in murals then it must have a good reputation. I think her work is relevant to my project as she uses colour to represent a playful fun nature in her art ad I want to use colour in my piece in the same way.

I would give this work the tittle ‘water fall of colour’ as this creates the impression that it is an organic form.  Another tittle that I would give this work is portal to another world. This is because this sculpture looks like a wormhole. I would like to compere this work to Audrey flack work as the both take a normal everyday objects and enhance their colours visually to give them a more depth meaning. Stark used paper as it is something everyone uses and she wants to find different potentials for it and celebrate its beauty and simplicity. Flake uses ordinary object that are meaningful to her and then puts them in a composition. Both pieces capture the viewer’s attention and makes them look closer.

The elements that I think are successful are the contrast between the bright vivid colours and the black. This makes it look like something in spaces like a black whole or a star constellation. The elements that I don’t think are successful are the shape of the overall structure, and the outside is completely white. I think the piece would have worked best if in certain places the colours dripped further down so that it looked like the colour was over flowing. Also the paint could have been thicker to make it look as if the colour is melting and tripping down.

In response to her work I will use her main colours in this order in my final piece:

Pink, red, orange, yellow, green, turquoise, blue, lilac, purple and pink

This is similar to the colours she uses, I wanted to use these colours as they represent all emotions and together they look fun and playful which represents my exciting experience in Italy during my summer. My peers also commented on Jen Stark’s work they said “they are interesting paper sculptures to look at, I like the use of vibrant colours.” I think they said this because when you look at her work you are instantly amazed and wonder how the work is created out of such and ordinary object. I think my ideas link to my brief as I wanted to explore my memories of the summer and the feeling and emotions I had and one way of visually expressing this is through colour.

Visual Metaphors

Visual metaphors are used throughout today's society, they can be found in advertisement and various different medias. Artists also use metaphors to express their ideas and feelings, a famous example is the street artist Banksy. His work is meaningful and very political, it expresses his feelings towards the society we live in. Banksy creates a powerful message in his work. In the lesson we were pushed to explore ways in which we could create our own metaphors and then apply them to our final piece. 

What is a visual metaphor?

Visual Metaphors, at their finest, can be the most powerful forms of communication. They are made when a subject is portrayed in relation to another unrelated subject or context. 

For example one of Banksy’s pieces shows a white dove which a symbol of piece wearing a military jacket with a red target pointed directly at it as if it’s about to be shot down by a rifle. This juxtaposition of imagery reflect the war and political issues.

Other example include images in advertisement. For example this poster advertising trainers. The imagery implies that running will keep you fit and healthy and that these trainers are perfect for the practising the sports you love.

I want to use metaphors in my own work to convey my message of how memories fade over time and to represent my summer holidays. But first I made up some of my own visual metaphors in the lesson. We had a selection of phrases to choose from; vacuum, hair slide, traffic jam, energy drink. I chose to create a visual metaphor on energy drink. I thought of the complete opposite of energy was death, so I represented this as a skeleton. So I drew the two together. I think my outcome worked well as it is amusing and gets the message across.

I made my skeleton look depressed and then drew a cocktail glass being filled with objects that represent energy. On the right is a sun and on the left in a volcano. I then developed my idea further by testing out different scenarios. My peers suggested that an energetic activity could be dancing so I drew a dancing skeleton in the underground. This image was one of my favourites as it is hilarious. There are computers sitting quietly in their seats staring at a phosphorescent skeleton dancing. This idea was an interesting visual metaphor however I believe it lost the idea of an energy drink which is what I initial wanted to represent.

Therefore I developed my idea further by incorporating the name of a well-known energy drink in my metaphor: Lucozade. I made it look as if the drink was pouring out into the skeletons open mouth and giving him energy. At first I made the liquid black this wasn’t very effective as it didn’t look as if it was energy more like a poison, so I layered it with tracing paper and made the liquid malty coloured I think this was very effective as it shows my development of ideas and it is the best representation of the phrase energy drink. 

project proposal

Art work over view
For my window instillation I would like to create a piece that communicates my memories over the summer. I have taken inspiration from a number of different artists in order to refine my final idea and help me push it to its full potential. Over the summer we were asked to keep a journal to note down memories and draw experiences and and a box to place items that we interacted with over the summer. When we got back I had loads of interesting and useful primary evidence I then started looking at artists that related to the theme memories. They all had different styles of representing memories and messages. For example Andy Whorl made time capsules and collected personal objects that representing his memories, this inspired me to collect objects over the summer. In my instillation I want to convey a sense of youthfulness that the summer brings but also the dark side of life and how memories always fade and the feeling that were once there disappear and float around in your mind. I want to use one of Callison's concepts of romantic tragedy in my work, I will use this as my sub theme to represent my most powerful memory that I want to represent.
My instillation is going to be primarily based on Peter Callison's work, For my center piece in the window i would like to make a sculpture that spirals down, i want this to look fragile, delicate and intriquet, representing how memories appear in peoples mind. The sculpture will have detailed shapes cut out of it to represent my summer memories. I will also use words to represent the music I listened to and phrases and words that represent what i was feeling and saying. This links to Ebon Heath who uses typography to represents stereotypes. I also what to light up my work with coloured lights to create atmosphere in my piece. this will like to bot Heath and Hodgkin's work. Hodgkin's uses colour in his work as is main technique to represent his personal memories in an abstract way. whereas Heath uses coloured UV lights to light up his typography this creates a bigger impact as it also creates shadow in his work. I want to use this in my piece to set a mood and also i think it will look effective and drew more attention to my window. In the background of mt window i was inspires by the artist Jen Stark who uses paper to create amazing sculptures that pop out or draw in creating the illusion of an infinite whole. her work is based on the wonders of space, The bright colours she used remind me of psychedelic art as the some of her sculptures the colours appear to be dripping like in psychedelic art. I would position this at the back of my window to give the illusion that there is a whole in the wall that leads to a different world. This would relate to my memories of psychedelic raves I went to over the summer. This would link to Hodgkin's use of colour to convey a meaning however the element that interests me the most of this technique is that fact that i could use it to show how memories fade away and get lost and mixed up in your mind.

Location
My instillation will be located in Chestnut Grove Academy. It will be situated inside the main entrance to the left after the sliding doors, in a small rectangular space that is 82cm wide and 166cm high with a width of 180cm. The instillation will be protected by a glass window in a wooden frame. The space is relatively small: The advantage of this is the final outcome is simplified and it won't take a long time to make. However the space is relatively dark and not extremely noticeable to the viewer. I will overcome these problems by adding lights this will make the space brighter and will also make it more noticeably.

Design
My piece will have a black background this will look good against the intrachetly cut thin white paper. (need images)

Materials
To create my window instillation I will need a large sheet of white paper as i want the spiral to be created from one sheets so that it flows fluidly, I also need coloured paper. I will need a black cloth for my back ground to cover the whole internal space. My design plan states that I will make a fake wall in order to create the illusion that there's a whole to another world. I will need wood in order to make this aspect. I will need UV paints to draw the melting hole that represent my rave experience. i will also need coloured lights and probably an extension lead to plug it in.

Maintenance
Overall I don't think my piece will be very high maintenance as i will make sure everything is secured tightly with fish wire (so that its not visible and gives the illusion of it floating) to the planks on top out of sight. I will also spry the paper with anti-fire spray to avoid the risk of it setting alight as the lights will get extremely hot and this could be a fire hazard.

Budget
I don't intend on spending lots of money on this project and will try my best to use objects that are readily available, However I might have to get UV paint and possibly a big role of white paper that would cost around £20.

To Conclude
I hope my final outcome will come together to create an interesting instillation that conveys my summer memories in a metaphorical way. In my work I hope to get across the meaning that memories eventually fade away and become less clear, replaced by more significant recent memories like a spiral moving down. The feeling that we once felt become blurred and all that is left behind is a snap shot of a particular moment,   forever trapped in your mind in a jumbled swirly mix.

I will cut out the acrylic mat plastic on top of a foam board so that I don't make marks on the table and also for health and safety.

This is another example of health and safety, as when I cut out my instillation piece I will try to minimize how much I accidentally hurt my self by taking precautions and regular brakes so that I don't get tired and lose focus.

We constructed these mind maps during our lesson as a group with Pamela and Johnny. We wrote down our memories that linked to the titles and the best way which we could represent them. I chose to focus on 'Enjoying Youth' as this best represents my summer experience. This created my sub- theme along with romantic tragedy.

Ebon Heath

Ebon Heath is a Berlin-based artist with roots in Brooklyn and Bali who has a quite well diversified portfolio. His experience ranges from designing for Triple 5 Soul and Bad Boy Entertainment in the 1990s (Biggie's "Life After Death") to jewelry design, sculpture and now Complex covers. He works for (((stereotyoes))).

“This visual journey began as a love affair with letters and a question: how do we fuse our typographic language with the physicality of our body language? I want our type to jump, scream, whisper and dance, versus lay flat, dead and dormant, to be used and discarded with no concern for its intricate beauty of form, function, and meaning. We use type daily yet rarely appreciate the form of a letter. By liberating type from the confines of the page we not only free the words to express the content in a new dimension of scale, volume, and movement, but also force the reader to become a viewer.” 

Ebon Heath intention is to make text into a bobile object and liberatwe it from the page. some of his pieces have been described as"crystalized words as frozen flowers". This is clear on a visual level, yet also the form of the flower has evolved to fulfill a specific function. All the letters and words fite together to create a structure and then all co-operating to create a living organism. The form of his type structures are also made to fulfill a specific goal to express the content of words, while made up of smaller ingredients of letters that collectively form our language. The prints do have a frozen quality, since the original works are mobiles that move and can be seen from multiple perspectives in a space. It also is ironic that when these structures are documented they are flattened into 2-dimensional planes, the very antithesis of Heaths initial goal. he wanted to capture all the audio and verbal noise, from music we plug our ears with to the din of countless conversations, screams and whispers. With new media of texting, online, and transmitted technology there is even invisible noise silent to the eye surrounding us all.

His work takes the form of mobile sculptures conceived as explorations in giving typography a physical presence away from the confines of the page. Using a set of basic geometric shapes within which to structure the forms the cut letters explode into dramatic structures that are choreographed with fine wire to illustrate the kinetic power of language set free.

Intricately cut by hand with the later work laser cut, the works possess a delicate quality that belies that heavy phrasing of advertising slogans and the power vested in the written word.His work takes the form of mobile sculptures conceived as explorations in giving typography a physical presence away from the confines of the page. Using a set of basic geometric shapes within which to structure the forms the cut letters explode into dramatic structures that are choreographed with fine wire to illustrate the kinetic power of language set free.

Intricately cut by hand with the later work laser cut, the works possess a delicate quality that contrast the bold phrases used in advertising.

This research has altered my opinion about his work as I know appreciate the delicacy of his letters and the way the explode outwards giving the everyday phrases a personality making the words come alive. I think this work is related to mu theme as i could show my memories through words and language.

I would give this work the title ‘word explosion’ as the words jump out at you. When you look at the work you constantly find new words and phrases to look at that before where hidden from view. I would like to compare this work to Stephen Walter that uses words in order to create a map of his journey. His work is very interesting as he writes letters that in certain shapes in order to construct a road map. The differences between the two works are that Walter’s creations are flat on apiece of paper, while Ebon Heath uses wire to hand his typography and make it expand outwards. The similarities between the two works are that they both play around with words to symbolise something that is ordinary in Walter’s case it is street maps and Heath it is advertisement slogans.

The elements that I think are successful are the way the letters create a natural forms that look like big beautiful exotic flowers. The elements that I think are not as successful are that he doesn't use colour and I prefer his work where he incorporated coloured lights to give the word more life.

 Another person said that they like his work and it is interesting to look at but she doesn’t like the fact that he doesn't write anything meaningful and just takes phrases from books and slogans.

I would like to use this idea in my final piece, but instead of using words that are not meaningful I will take words that form mu memories of the summer. I think my ideas connect to my research as I am count to create typography that comes to life and spirals around in a twisting circle. My peers really liked my response of the words tat represent my summer on a spiral and they said that it linked to Ebon Heath as the words come alive and it does represent a natural form. I think my response could be compered to a shell in a metaphorical sense. A shell is made out of lines that go around in a spiral to form the layers of the shell. this concept could connect to my memories of the summer as I went to the beach and collected sea shells which I put in my box. The shape of the spiral also represents my journey over the summer; meeting new people, visiting friends and family, going abroad.
The skills that I have developed is being able to cut out letters accurately, and using a scalpel knife in a safe way. the challenges i faced while making my tester what that paper is to thin and weak to be used for my final piece as it will rip and get ruined. My teachers suggested that for my final piece I use a soft plastic that is easy to cut with a scalpel but is a stronger material then paper. 

This is an example of Steven Walters work, i really like it as from a distance it looks like a real map but on closed examination you can tell it is made up of words from his journey.

I created my own version and in my map i wrote all of the places that I visited. I think it worked well as from a distance it also looks like a map, however next time I should try and use more colour.

The Theory of Colour

Peter Callesen Responses

Responses to Peter Callesen 

experiments with paper

I looked at the objects in my box and chose objects that represented a memory of my summer. I then responded to them using Callesen's style. i thought they worked well and i particularly liked the negative and positive effect that was created when shapes were cut out. first, tried to create shells with the technique. i think it worked well as the paper allowed me to curve them up in the proper shape and i was able to fold it to create the rippled effects of sea shells. However, i can develop these further by creating an image out of the negative, fore example show were the shell came from and have a scene of the beach, or i could have the shell as the negative and then create the sea creature that left the shell behind from the cut out paper.

i particularly liked the butterfly as i thought they worked well, the flaps created a simple yet effective relief. the butterflies don't have a clear link to my memories although i did see them during my summer it was not a strong aspect in my box, but i will still use this technique in my work. 

Here i cut out a tree to represent my memories at the festival and the forest rave. I like the thin branches against the black card and the intricate detail in this experiment. unfortunately I cut the wrong side, and  so it didn't stand properly. Also it would have looked better to leave more white paper on the back. from these experiments i learnt that a piece of art can be made from a white piece of paper and that i really love working in intricate details with fragile material. This technique produces visually pleasing work and it pushes my ability, i think it would work well in my final piece i just need a bit more practice!

This is my favorite idea as it shows my developments the clearest. My main sub theme was romantic tragedy, therefore as a response to peter I Callison I tried to represent this. A girl and a boy on either side of the paper trying to get to each other but there are obstacles in the way, they are held in place by a small strip of paper, trapped and with no way of getting to each other. This represents my most profound memory of the summer. I think this idea was effective as it creates n interesting metaphor like Peter Callison's work. My teachers said they really liked this response as it visually shows what my Sub theme is about.